![]() There are many potential causes of anosmia including: However, this is unlikely to be required in an OSCE. lemon, peppermint), or most formally using the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test. Olfaction can be tested more formally using different odours (e.g. There is no motor component to the olfactory nerve.Īsk the patient if they have noticed any recent changes to their sense of smell. The olfactory nerve (CN I) transmits sensory information about odours to the central nervous system where they are perceived as smell (olfaction). Prescriptions: prescribing charts or personal prescriptions can provide useful information about the patient’s recent medications.Visual aids: the use of visual prisms or occluders may indicate underlying strabismus.Hearing aids: often worn by patients with vestibulocochlear nerve issues (e.g.Walking aids: gait issues are associated with a wide range of neurological pathology including Parkinson’s disease, stroke, cerebellar disease and myasthenia gravis.Look for objects or equipment on or around the patient that may provide useful insights into their medical history and current clinical status: spasticity, weakness, wasting, tremor, fasciculation) which may suggest the presence of a neurological syndrome). Limbs: pay attention to the patient’s arms and legs as they enter the room and take a seat noting any abnormalities (e.g.Strabismus: may indicate oculomotor, trochlear or abducens nerve palsy.Pupillary abnormalities: mydriasis occurs in oculomotor nerve palsy.Eyelid abnormalities: ptosis may indicate oculomotor nerve pathology.Facial asymmetry: suggestive of facial nerve palsy.Speech abnormalities: may indicate glossopharyngeal or vagus nerve pathology.Perform a brief general inspection of the patient, looking for clinical signs suggestive of underlying pathology: You might also be interested in our collection of 900+ OSCE Stations, including a range of cranial nerve examination and neurology stations.
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